Varicose veins in the feet: symptoms and treatment, causes and consequences

Varicose veins in the feet are chronic changes in blood flow, due to the influence of mechanical, toxic, traumatic or other factors.

To better understand the essence of the pathological process, you need to refer to anatomical information.

The lower limbs are supplied in two main ways:

• At the artery branch.They carry oxygen -rich blood, which only provides cells with useful compounds.
• Through the veins.Carbon dioxide vessel fluid tissue and unnecessary materials for processing, in reverse blood movement from the structure, veins are involved.

Keep in mind that various types of blood vessels are not connected or reported, the system is fully closed.

Blood through the veins moves tightly in one direction.The muscle layer in this structure is relatively weak, all work falls on a special valve.They are like partitions, doors that do not pass the liquid tissue in the opposite direction of the use.

Against the background of increased venous pressure, injury, damage and other factors, weakening valves.Blood moves back, the load on the blood vessel wall increases.Vienna wears many times faster.

Under the mechanical effect, the dialing structure changes its properties and size.The varicosis itself begins.

The disease is characterized by blood vessel deformation, a decrease in their functional activity, aneurysm -such as a wallpart of walls throughout the entire length.

Dangerous varicosis where over time leads to rest in the veins, the formation of blood clots, the death of local cloth.Treatment should start immediately, from the time the pathological process is detected.

The characteristic feature of the disorder is the development that is relatively inadequate.The main contingent of the patient is men and women over the age of 18.

Although the development is relatively inadequate, the disease is unpredictable.Never say first at the point of what critical complications will grow.

A doctor who treated the disease was a phlebologist.

The mechanism of development

The pathological process is based on heterogeneous factors, if it is general and consists of an estimate, the choice will be as follows:

Mechanical influence

Increased physical activity in the veins.It was found, for example, with intensive sports.The more common options are features of professional activities (builders, teachers, cooks and others -suffer), weight gain, as the load on the feet grows.

There are every opportunity to overcome the pathological process in their own time.The main thing is to eliminate abnormal factors.

The traumatic wound of the surrounding tissue

Not the veins themselves, but the surrounding area.Soft structure, muscle, ligaments, partial and complete cracks.

There are two reasons for the development of varicose veins: compression of blood vessels with changing tissues, as well as redistribution of uneven loads in the lower limbs.

Interestingly, the cause of varicose veins can also be a disease of the musculoskeletal system: arthritis and similar.

The compression of the feet

This refers to external influences.Violation of blood flow often triggers the patient on their own with unreasonable actions.

For example, wear tight or affected socks.Especially the same is a woman who is willing to put on health in pursuit of beauty.

When compressing feet in the region, located below the compression site, it is subject to unstable processes.Vena-limphatic outflow is very disturbed.This leads to rapid progressive varicose veins.

There are cases when the pathological process begins later, years later from negative influences.

A violation of hormone balance

Disorders of the production of thyroid glands, adrenal glands, and pituitary glands are affected.

Changes can affect other compounds: Hormone reproductive system, androgen, estrogen.They partially control the tone of the vessels, veins and large arteries.

Characteristics of genetic features

History grown, according to research, plays nearly a major role in the development of pathological processes.This is not a trigger, but a clear premise that increases the probability several times.

Of course, the presence of a brother with varicose veins is not a guarantee of the development of the pathological process, but the probability is much higher.

It is necessary to comply with preventive rules to minimize risk.

Hypovitaminosis

For normal work, regeneration of veins, arteries, ascorbic acid is required.Also, vitamins of groups B, E, D. There is no normal recovery of blood vessels without them.They wear it quickly, losing their former elasticity.

If the shortage lasts a long time, from a few months, it is not to prevent changes from the veins.

The disease develops faster than usual, development to a significant and dangerous level only takes several months, a maximum of several years.

Anomalies of congenital vessels

Views, as a rule, do not grow separately.Other deviations are available.Therefore, diagnostics is not a problem.

Natural state

Pregnancy, severe birth, features of hormone background in adolescence or closer to old age.

There are other less common mechanisms.For example, intoxication, exposure to radiation bodies and others.The most commonly named.

Varicose veins are a disease characterized by a deviation system: vein deformation, aneurysm formation, stars, inner layer thinning.The influence of a group of pathogenetic factors is possible.

Classification

The unit method is related to the level of pathological process, its shape.About everything in the order.

The techniques used in drugs distinguish three degrees of disease development:

• Compensated.Such symptoms are not present, the patient does not make any complaints about health.The pathological process at the beginning of its development.But there are already signs of visible signs: the veins are expanded through the skin thickness.For years, the violation will go to a new level.
• Subcompensation.The clinical signs of varicose vessels are clearly stated.Among them, you can distinguish pain, severity in the legs, feelings of running, weakness, seizures at night.After a break, they come in vain.The manifestations that appear to be present.You can make a diagnosis without problems.
• Decomposition.In addition to the symptoms mentioned, additions: numbness, loss of sensitivity, normal skin rash, persistent itching and lesion burning area.

  There is a real risk of tissue necrosis, thrombosis.The treatment is very important, if not - does not pass the defect.

Stand

There is an international marking generally accepted on the pathological process (class):

• 0. Symptoms of visible disorders are minimal.Patients talk about severity in the lower leg.This phase can last forever.
• 1. The stars on the surface of the foot, the veins develop and become clearly visible.The clinic is the same.Maximum - Episodes of night seizures develop, which are interrupted quickly and suddenly - when they start.
• 2. The clinical signs are the same.With lower foot visual evaluation, doctors reveal varicose varicose changes from the veins: they are branches, stand out, form complex deformations.
• 3. From this stage, the edema spoken begins.
• 4. Rash appears, itchy varicose dermatitis.The skin on the surface of the lesion turns the shade in a dark, very dense and dry direction.It becomes thin, as any mechanical effect causes pain, deep brush.
• 5. A small lift appears.
• 6. Complete trophic ulcer is developing.

For complete formation of pathological processes, from 0 to 6th, it takes up to decades.

Symptom

The clinical picture depends on the phase of the disorder.If you present the average list of manifestations, the list will be as follows:

• Heavy on the feet.Especially, after mechanical load, long work day.Walking, standing in one place to be troubled.Over time, the symptoms only strengthen, which indicates the development of the infringement, and allows you to suspect varicose veins in the early stages.
• Intolerance of physical activity.At first the patient could not walk long, then stand up.If you start the interruption, it will only get worse.One would not be able to climb the stairs without a long rest, rest.This is due to the stagnation of the vein in the expanded vein.
• Pain with different intensity.In the early stages were not present.Then, after a few months or years, the severity of the manifestation increases.Dumb, uncomfortable sensation begins.

  They are increasing after physical activity, with sudden changes in body position.With the final stage of the disease, the symptoms remain with the patient continuously, not disappear at all.

• Visual change from the ship.They look like abnormal branches, star formation in the feet.This manifestation clearly indicates the onset of varicose vessels.Therefore, diagnostics over time are easier.It remains just to explain the localization of the change and his degree.
• Swollen.They start gradually, about the second or third stage of the pathological process.First - by the end of the day.Pass after the night's rest.Then, the changes in the amount are always preserved, do not end at all.As a rule, the signs are related to the first, then the other leg.
• Cramps in the dark.Violation of muscle tone, cramps, is one of the first signs of varicose veins, caused by the moisture of lymphatic flow of veins, trophic tissue and cell respiration.

  Cramps in the feetThey won at night, accompanied by severe pain.Patients should not stand on the affected leg during the day, or even some.Gradually, the frequency of cramps becomes higher.


• Itching.Signs of varicose veins, which characterize disruption of the disruption.In the early stages of erosion, there was no ulcer.But this is a time problem.
• Change the shade of the dermis.Hyperpigmentation.Darkness of the surface of the skin.Closer to the final phase of the pathological process, the lower leg acquires rich raspberry colors.

  Symptoms of varicose veins in the lower leg is the skin seal on the lesion, which is associated with a rough scar under the surface of the epidermis, the outer layer of the skin.

• Rash formation.So varicose dermatitis.This is the final stage of the pathological process.Small papules are very itchy, they do not allow the patient to live normally.Complications are possible, secondary infection of the wound surface.
• Trophic ulcer.The clinical sign, characterized by the formation of the erosion, focuses on tissue damage.First - shallow, then fat fiber.And not far from necrosis.Therefore, you cannot attract treatment.

Symptoms of varicose veins are caused by trophic affected tissue, vena-lymphatic outflow disorders, epidermal destruction, and subcutaneous fat.

The clinical signs develop slowly, as there is an opportunity to start treatment in a timely manner.The patient's job will not miss one important thing.

Profile specialists to contact - phlebologists, dermatologists, hematologists.

Cause

Varicosis develops as a result of a combination of factors or influences, but a very intense provocator.

There are several options:

• Physical activity.Long walks, standing still.Usually, such moments are associated with professional activity features, lifestyle.
• Injury.Broken, full or partial.Also bruised, damage to soft tissue.
• Hypovitaminosis.Lack of groups of groups B, E, D, ascorbic acid.
• Genetic factors.The moment of heredity, the history of the family burdened.The possibility of pathological processes increases, but there is no guarantee that the disease will begin.
• Myocytes against the background of hypothermia, physical load.
• Arthritis.Inflammation together.
• Hormone imbalance.Deficiency or joints of the thyroid gland, adrenal glands, pituitary glands.
• FLBBBBITIS Foot vessels.Causes of varicose veins in inflammation of the infectious or non -vibrant nature.
• Vasculitis vessel -on the bottom of the foot.Autoimmune lesion.
• Pregnancy.As the hormone background changes and the load on the feet, the entire musculoskeletal system is growing.
• Perthetic period.Up to 17-20 years.
• Menopausa (Andropauza).Klimax.The gradual weakening of reproductive function.

Causes of varicose veins can be traumatic, inflammation, degenerative, dystrophic.

Diagnostics

Flebologists are involved in the examination.Only at that time, if necessary, another specialist was connected.Among the methods:

• Oral review.The doctor must understand what the complaint is made by the patient himself.
• Hang -up collection.Studies on the possibility of the original problem.
• Visual assessment of foot condition.For the reason, there is an opportunity to study the nature of the pathological process, its characteristics.
• Palpation.Physical techniques.
• Uzdg.Dopplerography of a foot ship.Allows you to detect anatomical changes from the lower limbs, deviations of blood flow velocity.Used as the main methodology.It allows quickly to diagnose and study the level of disorders.
• X -ray.If there is such a need.
• In very difficult cases, doctors prescribe MRI.

The development of varicose veins in the foot is a sign of adequate features, visuals of vein development from the lower leg, it can be diagnosed on it.Next, it still determines the severity of the pathology.

Treatment

Early therapy is conservative.Overall, three approaches to correction can be distinguished.

Remedy.It involves systematic drug administration.Meaning is prescribed that stimulates micro -circulation, blood flow, valves, protects vessels from further tissue destruction.

Between the Group of Funds:

• Venotonics.
• Angioprotectors.
• Vitamins, antioxidants.

In addition, physiotherapy, exercise therapy, active massage are prescribed, wearing compression knitwear are shown.

Conservative techniques are used in the early stages of the disease or additional correction in other leading methods.

A slightly invasive approach.Treatment of varicose veins in the lower leg involves the destruction of vessels affected using special sclerosis drugs, fluid nitrogen.

Sclerotherapy methodology, or radio frequency ablation is used in mentioned, but not the critical stage of the disease.

Surgery.Treatment of varicose veins in the feet requires the use of laser, electrical current or direct isolation of the affected vessel - phlebectomy.

The doctor removes the structure of half, sewing the end of the healthy area, forming anastomosis.Soon blood flow is restored.

There are several operating techniques.The choice is still with the doctor.

Prophesy

Varicose veins on the feet fully heal in the first three stages, then there is a risk of complications, irreversible changes in the foot tissue: ulcers, muscle atrophy and others.Although the survival is still almost 100%.

Against the background of necrosis, normal erosion, sepsis, the probability of death increased ten times.

In general, the disease is treated well.

Prevention

Steps -Preventive steps are very simple, the main thing is to strictly adhere to them:

• Divids.Every hour or two you need to crush.Especially with a sitting/standing lifestyle.
• Wear comfortable shoes, socks, tights.It is best from natural ingredients.
• Using compression knitwear.
• Mild physical activity.Swim, run.The main thing is not to overcome.
• Proper nutrition.More vitamin products.
• Optimal drinking mode.1.5-2 liters a day.

Liquid deficiency affects negative, blood thickens, moves worse through vessels, pressure in the vein network increases.

Consequence

Complications can be turned off.Between options:

• Muscle dystrophy.
• Paresis.Loss of partial sensitivity
• The formation of ulcers with the probability of secondary infection.
• Fabric necrosis.Gangrene.Especially with the loss of the veins.
• Bombosis of the vessels, thrombophlebitis.
• Sepsis.Blood poisoning.
• Defects.

Varicose veins from the lower leg are pathological changes in the form, structure, elasticity of the vessels (and not just) by loss of muscle function.

The disease develops slowly, but without quality treatment, the result will be sad.